{
  "Type": "ACT",
  "EnglishName": "Active Voice",
  "IndoName": "Bentuk Aktif (Mabnī lil-Ma‘lūm)",
  "Description": "Menandai voice aktif (مَبْنِيٌّ لِلْمَعْلُومِ), yaitu bentuk ketika subjek gramatikal melakukan perbuatan yang dinyatakan oleh fi‘il. Bentuk aktif berlawanan dengan PASS atau voice pasif (مَبْنِيٌّ لِلْمَجْهُولِ). ACT merupakan voice default; apabila penanda voice tidak dinyatakan, fi‘il dipahami sebagai aktif. Fitur voice berlaku pada fi‘il perfect (māḍī), imperfect (muḍāri‘), dan imperative (amr). Pada nomina turunan, kombinasi ACT PCPL menandai active participle atau اِسْمُ فَاعِلٍ.",
  "DescriptionEn": "Marks the active voice (مَبْنِيٌّ لِلْمَعْلُومِ), in which the grammatical subject performs the action expressed by the verb. The active voice contrasts with PASS, the passive voice (مَبْنِيٌّ لِلْمَجْهُولِ). ACT is the default voice; when no voice feature is explicitly stated, the verb is understood as active. Voice applies to perfect, imperfect, and imperative verbs. In derived nominals, the combination ACT PCPL marks the active participle (اِسْمُ فَاعِلٍ).",
  "DataTables": [
    {
      "IndoName": "Bentuk Aktif pada Aspek Fi‘il",
      "RowsData": [
        [
          "Aspek",
          "Istilah Arab",
          "Kombinasi Fitur",
          "Penjelasan",
          "Contoh Arab",
          "Arti Indonesia"
        ],
        [
          "Perfect / Māḍī",
          "فِعْلٌ مَاضٍ مَبْنِيٌّ لِلْمَعْلُومِ",
          "PERF ACT",
          "Perbuatan dipandang telah selesai dan dinyatakan dalam voice aktif",
          "خَلَقَ",
          "dia telah menciptakan"
        ],
        [
          "Imperfect / Muḍāri‘",
          "فِعْلٌ مُضَارِعٌ مَبْنِيٌّ لِلْمَعْلُومِ",
          "IMPF ACT",
          "Perbuatan dinyatakan dengan fi‘il muḍāri‘ dalam voice aktif",
          "يَخْلُقُ",
          "dia menciptakan"
        ],
        [
          "Imperative / Amr",
          "فِعْلُ أَمْرٍ مَبْنِيٌّ لِلْمَعْلُومِ",
          "IMPV ACT",
          "Lawan bicara diperintah melakukan perbuatan",
          "اعْبُدْ",
          "sembahlah"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "IndoName": "Perbedaan ACT dan PASS",
      "RowsData": [
        [
          "Fitur",
          "Istilah Arab",
          "Jenis Voice",
          "Penjelasan",
          "Contoh Arab",
          "Arti Indonesia"
        ],
        [
          "ACT",
          "مَبْنِيٌّ لِلْمَعْلُومِ",
          "Aktif",
          "Subjek gramatikal melakukan perbuatan",
          "خَلَقَ اللَّهُ الْإِنْسَانَ",
          "Allah menciptakan manusia"
        ],
        [
          "PASS",
          "مَبْنِيٌّ لِلْمَجْهُولِ",
          "Pasif",
          "Pelaku tidak dinyatakan sebagai subjek dan unsur yang dikenai perbuatan menjadi pusat konstruksi",
          "خُلِقَ الْإِنْسَانُ",
          "manusia diciptakan"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "IndoName": "Kedudukan ACT di antara Fitur Gramatikal",
      "RowsData": [
        [
          "Kelompok Fitur",
          "Contoh Fitur",
          "Istilah Arab",
          "Fungsi",
          "Contoh Arab"
        ],
        [
          "Aspect",
          "PERF / IMPF / IMPV",
          "فِعْلٌ مَاضٍ / فِعْلٌ مُضَارِعٌ / فِعْلُ أَمْرٍ",
          "Menandai perfect, imperfect, atau imperative",
          "خَلَقَ / يَخْلُقُ / اعْبُدْ"
        ],
        [
          "Mood",
          "IND / SUBJ / JUS",
          "مَرْفُوعٌ / مَنْصُوبٌ / مَجْزُومٌ",
          "Menandai mood pada fi‘il muḍāri‘",
          "يَكْتُبُ / لَنْ يَكْتُبَ / لَمْ يَكْتُبْ"
        ],
        [
          "Voice",
          "ACT / PASS",
          "مَبْنِيٌّ لِلْمَعْلُومِ / مَبْنِيٌّ لِلْمَجْهُولِ",
          "Menandai voice aktif atau pasif",
          "كَتَبَ / كُتِبَ"
        ],
        [
          "Case",
          "NOM / ACC / GEN",
          "مَرْفُوعٌ / مَنْصُوبٌ / مَجْرُورٌ",
          "Menandai kasus pada unsur nominal, bukan voice fi‘il",
          "زَيْدٌ / زَيْدًا / زَيْدٍ"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "IndoName": "ACT pada Ism Fā‘il",
      "RowsData": [
        [
          "Fitur",
          "Istilah Arab",
          "Nama Indonesia",
          "Penjelasan",
          "Contoh Arab",
          "Arti Indonesia"
        ],
        [
          "ACT PCPL",
          "اِسْمُ فَاعِلٍ",
          "Partisipel aktif / ism fā‘il",
          "Nomina atau sifat turunan yang menunjukkan pelaku atau pihak yang melakukan perbuatan",
          "خَالِقٌ، كَاتِبٌ، شَاكِرٌ",
          "yang menciptakan, penulis, yang bersyukur"
        ],
        [
          "PASS PCPL",
          "اِسْمُ مَفْعُولٍ",
          "Partisipel pasif / ism maf‘ūl",
          "Nomina atau sifat turunan yang menunjukkan sesuatu atau seseorang yang dikenai perbuatan",
          "مَخْلُوقٌ، مَكْتُوبٌ، مَعْلُومٌ",
          "yang diciptakan, yang ditulis, yang diketahui"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "DataTablesEng": [
    {
      "EngName": "Active Voice Across Verb Aspects",
      "RowsData": [
        [
          "Aspect",
          "Arabic Term",
          "Feature Combination",
          "Explanation",
          "Arabic Example",
          "English Meaning"
        ],
        [
          "Perfect",
          "فِعْلٌ مَاضٍ مَبْنِيٌّ لِلْمَعْلُومِ",
          "PERF ACT",
          "The action is viewed as completed and is expressed in the active voice",
          "خَلَقَ",
          "he created"
        ],
        [
          "Imperfect",
          "فِعْلٌ مُضَارِعٌ مَبْنِيٌّ لِلْمَعْلُومِ",
          "IMPF ACT",
          "The action is expressed by an imperfect verb in the active voice",
          "يَخْلُقُ",
          "he creates"
        ],
        [
          "Imperative",
          "فِعْلُ أَمْرٍ مَبْنِيٌّ لِلْمَعْلُومِ",
          "IMPV ACT",
          "The addressee is commanded to perform the action",
          "اعْبُدْ",
          "worship"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "EngName": "Difference Between ACT and PASS",
      "RowsData": [
        [
          "Feature",
          "Arabic Term",
          "Voice",
          "Explanation",
          "Arabic Example",
          "English Meaning"
        ],
        [
          "ACT",
          "مَبْنِيٌّ لِلْمَعْلُومِ",
          "Active",
          "The grammatical subject performs the action",
          "خَلَقَ اللَّهُ الْإِنْسَانَ",
          "Allah created humankind"
        ],
        [
          "PASS",
          "مَبْنِيٌّ لِلْمَجْهُولِ",
          "Passive",
          "The agent is not expressed as the subject, and the entity undergoing the action becomes central to the construction",
          "خُلِقَ الْإِنْسَانُ",
          "humankind was created"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "EngName": "ACT Among Grammatical Feature Groups",
      "RowsData": [
        [
          "Feature Group",
          "Example Features",
          "Arabic Term",
          "Function",
          "Arabic Example"
        ],
        [
          "Aspect",
          "PERF / IMPF / IMPV",
          "فِعْلٌ مَاضٍ / فِعْلٌ مُضَارِعٌ / فِعْلُ أَمْرٍ",
          "Marks perfect, imperfect, or imperative",
          "خَلَقَ / يَخْلُقُ / اعْبُدْ"
        ],
        [
          "Mood",
          "IND / SUBJ / JUS",
          "مَرْفُوعٌ / مَنْصُوبٌ / مَجْزُومٌ",
          "Marks the mood of an imperfect verb",
          "يَكْتُبُ / لَنْ يَكْتُبَ / لَمْ يَكْتُبْ"
        ],
        [
          "Voice",
          "ACT / PASS",
          "مَبْنِيٌّ لِلْمَعْلُومِ / مَبْنِيٌّ لِلْمَجْهُولِ",
          "Marks active or passive voice",
          "كَتَبَ / كُتِبَ"
        ],
        [
          "Case",
          "NOM / ACC / GEN",
          "مَرْفُوعٌ / مَنْصُوبٌ / مَجْرُورٌ",
          "Marks grammatical case on nominals, not verbal voice",
          "زَيْدٌ / زَيْدًا / زَيْدٍ"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "EngName": "ACT in Active Participles",
      "RowsData": [
        [
          "Feature",
          "Arabic Term",
          "English Name",
          "Explanation",
          "Arabic Example",
          "English Meaning"
        ],
        [
          "ACT PCPL",
          "اِسْمُ فَاعِلٍ",
          "Active participle",
          "A derived noun or adjective denoting the agent or performer of an action",
          "خَالِقٌ، كَاتِبٌ، شَاكِرٌ",
          "creator, writer, one who is grateful"
        ],
        [
          "PASS PCPL",
          "اِسْمُ مَفْعُولٍ",
          "Passive participle",
          "A derived noun or adjective denoting a person or thing that undergoes an action",
          "مَخْلُوقٌ، مَكْتُوبٌ، مَعْلُومٌ",
          "created, written, known"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "Penjelasan": [
    {
      "EnglishName": "ACT Marks the Active Voice",
      "IndoName": "ACT menandai voice aktif",
      "ArabicExamples": [
        "خَلَقَ",
        "يَعْلَمُ",
        "نَعْبُدُ"
      ],
      "IndoExamples": [
        "dia telah menciptakan",
        "dia mengetahui",
        "kami menyembah"
      ],
      "EngExamples": [
        "he created",
        "he knows",
        "we worship"
      ]
    },
    {
      "EnglishName": "The Grammatical Subject Performs the Action",
      "IndoName": "Subjek gramatikal melakukan perbuatan",
      "ArabicExamples": [
        "كَتَبَ زَيْدٌ",
        "يَعْمَلُ الرَّجُلُ"
      ],
      "IndoExamples": [
        "Zaid menulis",
        "laki-laki itu bekerja"
      ],
      "EngExamples": [
        "Zayd wrote",
        "the man works"
      ]
    },
    {
      "EnglishName": "ACT Is the Default Voice",
      "IndoName": "ACT merupakan voice default",
      "ArabicExamples": [
        "كَتَبَ",
        "يَكْتُبُ",
        "اعْبُدْ"
      ],
      "IndoExamples": [
        "dia telah menulis",
        "dia menulis",
        "menyembahlah"
      ],
      "EngExamples": [
        "he wrote",
        "he writes",
        "worship"
      ]
    },
    {
      "EnglishName": "ACT Contrasts with PASS",
      "IndoName": "ACT berlawanan dengan PASS",
      "ArabicExamples": [
        "خَلَقَ",
        "خُلِقَ"
      ],
      "IndoExamples": [
        "dia telah menciptakan",
        "telah diciptakan"
      ],
      "EngExamples": [
        "he created",
        "was created"
      ]
    },
    {
      "EnglishName": "ACT Applies to Perfect Verbs",
      "IndoName": "ACT berlaku pada fi‘il māḍī",
      "ArabicExamples": [
        "خَلَقَ",
        "جَعَلَ",
        "عَلِمَ"
      ],
      "IndoExamples": [
        "dia telah menciptakan",
        "dia telah menjadikan",
        "dia telah mengetahui"
      ],
      "EngExamples": [
        "he created",
        "he made",
        "he knew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "EnglishName": "ACT Applies to Imperfect Verbs",
      "IndoName": "ACT berlaku pada fi‘il muḍāri‘",
      "ArabicExamples": [
        "يَخْلُقُ",
        "يَعْلَمُ",
        "يَعْمَلُ"
      ],
      "IndoExamples": [
        "dia menciptakan",
        "dia mengetahui",
        "dia bekerja"
      ],
      "EngExamples": [
        "he creates",
        "he knows",
        "he works"
      ]
    },
    {
      "EnglishName": "ACT Applies to Imperative Verbs",
      "IndoName": "ACT berlaku pada fi‘il amr",
      "ArabicExamples": [
        "اعْبُدْ",
        "اذْكُرْ",
        "قُلْ"
      ],
      "IndoExamples": [
        "sembahlah",
        "ingatlah",
        "katakanlah"
      ],
      "EngExamples": [
        "worship",
        "remember",
        "say"
      ]
    },
    {
      "EnglishName": "ACT PCPL Marks the Active Participle",
      "IndoName": "ACT PCPL menandai ism fā‘il",
      "ArabicExamples": [
        "خَالِقٌ",
        "كَاتِبٌ",
        "شَاكِرٌ"
      ],
      "IndoExamples": [
        "yang menciptakan",
        "penulis",
        "yang bersyukur"
      ],
      "EngExamples": [
        "one who creates",
        "writer",
        "one who is grateful"
      ]
    },
    {
      "EnglishName": "ACT PCPL Differs from PASS PCPL",
      "IndoName": "ACT PCPL berbeda dari PASS PCPL",
      "ArabicExamples": [
        "خَالِقٌ",
        "مَخْلُوقٌ"
      ],
      "IndoExamples": [
        "yang menciptakan",
        "yang diciptakan"
      ],
      "EngExamples": [
        "one who creates",
        "one that is created"
      ]
    },
    {
      "EnglishName": "ACT Is Voice, Not Aspect, Mood, or Case",
      "IndoName": "ACT adalah voice, bukan aspect, mood, atau case",
      "ArabicExamples": [
        "يَكْتُبُ",
        "لَنْ يَكْتُبَ",
        "لَمْ يَكْتُبْ"
      ],
      "IndoExamples": [
        "dia menulis",
        "dia tidak akan menulis",
        "dia tidak menulis"
      ],
      "EngExamples": [
        "he writes",
        "he will not write",
        "he did not write"
      ]
    }
  ]
}