[ { "Type": "POS:P", "EnglishName": "Preposition", "IndoName": "Huruf Jar", "Description": "Huruf jar menghubungkan unsur setelahnya dengan unsur lain dan menyebabkan isim sesudahnya berstatus majrūr.", "DescriptionEn": "A preposition relates the following nominal to another element and causes it to be genitive.", "Penjelasan": [ { "IndoName": "Menjadikan isim sesudahnya majrūr", "EngName": "Makes the following noun genitive", "ArabicExamples": ["فِي الْبَيْتِ"], "IndoExamples": ["فِي adalah huruf jar dan الْبَيْتِ menjadi majrūr."], "EngExamples": ["فِي is a preposition and الْبَيْتِ becomes genitive."] } ] }, { "Type": "POS:AMD", "EnglishName": "Amendment Particle", "IndoName": "Partikel Istidrāk", "Description": "Partikel istidrāk mengoreksi, membatasi, atau memberi pengecualian terhadap pernyataan sebelumnya.", "DescriptionEn": "An amendment particle corrects, qualifies, or contrasts with a preceding statement.", "Penjelasan": [ { "IndoName": "Mengoreksi atau mengontraskan pernyataan", "EngName": "Corrects or contrasts a statement", "ArabicExamples": ["وَلَٰكِنْ لَا يَشْعُرُونَ"], "IndoExamples": ["لَٰكِنْ memberi makna 'tetapi' sebagai istidrāk."], "EngExamples": ["لَٰكِنْ means 'but' and introduces an amendment or contrast."] } ] }, { "Type": "POS:N", "EnglishName": "Noun", "IndoName": "Isim", "Description": "Isim adalah kata nominal yang menunjuk orang, benda, konsep, keadaan, atau makna tanpa menunjukkan waktu.", "DescriptionEn": "A noun is a nominal word referring to a person, thing, concept, state, or meaning without inherently expressing tense.", "Penjelasan": [ { "IndoName": "Menunjukkan nama atau makna nominal", "EngName": "Expresses a nominal entity or meaning", "ArabicExamples": ["كِتَابٌ"], "IndoExamples": ["كِتَابٌ adalah isim yang berarti sebuah kitab."], "EngExamples": ["كِتَابٌ is a noun meaning a book."] } ] }, { "Type": "POS:PN", "EnglishName": "Proper Noun", "IndoName": "Nama Diri", "Description": "Nama diri adalah isim yang menunjuk orang, tempat, atau entitas tertentu dan pada dasarnya bersifat ma‘rifah.", "DescriptionEn": "A proper noun identifies a specific person, place, or entity and is inherently definite.", "Penjelasan": [ { "IndoName": "Menunjuk nama tertentu", "EngName": "Identifies a specific name", "ArabicExamples": ["مُوسَىٰ"], "IndoExamples": ["مُوسَىٰ adalah nama diri Nabi Musa."], "EngExamples": ["مُوسَىٰ is the proper name Musa."] } ] }, { "Type": "POS:ADJ", "EnglishName": "Adjective", "IndoName": "Sifat", "Description": "Adjektiva adalah unsur nominal yang menerangkan sifat atau karakteristik suatu isim.", "DescriptionEn": "An adjective is a nominal element that describes a quality or characteristic of a noun.", "Penjelasan": [ { "IndoName": "Menerangkan sifat isim", "EngName": "Describes a noun", "ArabicExamples": ["كِتَابٌ مُبِينٌ"], "IndoExamples": ["مُبِينٌ menerangkan sifat كِتَابٌ."], "EngExamples": ["مُبِينٌ describes the noun كِتَابٌ."] } ] }, { "Type": "POS:DEM", "EnglishName": "Demonstrative Pronoun", "IndoName": "Isim Isyarah", "Description": "Isim isyarah digunakan untuk menunjuk orang atau benda tertentu seperti ini, itu, dan mereka itu.", "DescriptionEn": "A demonstrative pronoun points to a specific person or thing, such as this, that, these, or those.", "Penjelasan": [ { "IndoName": "Menunjuk sesuatu", "EngName": "Points to something", "ArabicExamples": ["هَٰذَا كِتَابٌ"], "IndoExamples": ["هَٰذَا berarti 'ini' dan menunjuk sesuatu yang dekat."], "EngExamples": ["هَٰذَا means 'this' and points to something near."] } ] }, { "Type": "POS:REL", "EnglishName": "Relative Pronoun", "IndoName": "Isim Maushul", "Description": "Isim maushul menghubungkan isim dengan klausa yang menjelaskan atau melengkapinya.", "DescriptionEn": "A relative pronoun connects a nominal antecedent with a clause that describes or completes it.", "Penjelasan": [ { "IndoName": "Menghubungkan dengan silah", "EngName": "Introduces a relative clause", "ArabicExamples": ["الَّذِي آمَنَ"], "IndoExamples": ["الَّذِي menghubungkan referen dengan klausa آمَنَ."], "EngExamples": ["الَّذِي connects its referent with the clause آمَنَ."] } ] }, { "Type": "POS:LOC", "EnglishName": "Location Adverb", "IndoName": "Zharaf Tempat", "Description": "Zharaf tempat menunjukkan lokasi terjadinya suatu perbuatan atau keadaan.", "DescriptionEn": "A location adverb indicates where an action or state occurs.", "Penjelasan": [ { "IndoName": "Menunjukkan tempat", "EngName": "Indicates location", "ArabicExamples": ["فَوْقَ الْأَرْضِ"], "IndoExamples": ["فَوْقَ menunjukkan posisi 'di atas'."], "EngExamples": ["فَوْقَ indicates the location 'above'."] } ] }, { "Type": "POS:ANS", "EnglishName": "Answer Particle", "IndoName": "Partikel Jawaban", "Description": "Partikel jawaban digunakan untuk menjawab, membenarkan, atau menegaskan pertanyaan atau pernyataan sebelumnya.", "DescriptionEn": "An answer particle responds to, confirms, or affirms a preceding question or statement.", "Penjelasan": [ { "IndoName": "Memberikan jawaban", "EngName": "Provides an answer", "ArabicExamples": ["بَلَىٰ"], "IndoExamples": ["بَلَىٰ digunakan untuk membenarkan setelah pertanyaan atau negasi tertentu."], "EngExamples": ["بَلَىٰ is used to affirm in response to certain negative questions or statements."] } ] }, { "Type": "POS:CERT", "EnglishName": "Particle of Certainty", "IndoName": "Partikel Tahqīq", "Description": "Partikel tahqīq menegaskan kepastian atau kuatnya realisasi suatu peristiwa.", "DescriptionEn": "A certainty particle emphasizes the certainty or established occurrence of an event.", "Penjelasan": [ { "IndoName": "Menegaskan kepastian", "EngName": "Emphasizes certainty", "ArabicExamples": ["قَدْ أَفْلَحَ"], "IndoExamples": ["قَدْ bersama fi‘il māḍī menegaskan bahwa peristiwa telah benar-benar terjadi."], "EngExamples": ["قَدْ with a perfect verb emphasizes that the event has indeed occurred."] } ] }, { "Type": "POS:EXH", "EnglishName": "Exhortation Particle", "IndoName": "Partikel Dorongan", "Description": "Partikel taḥḍīḍ digunakan untuk mendorong atau mendesak seseorang melakukan suatu perbuatan.", "DescriptionEn": "An exhortation particle urges or strongly encourages someone to perform an action.", "Penjelasan": [ { "IndoName": "Memberi dorongan kuat", "EngName": "Expresses strong encouragement", "ArabicExamples": ["لَوْلَا تَسْتَغْفِرُونَ اللَّهَ"], "IndoExamples": ["لَوْلَا di sini mendorong agar mereka memohon ampun."], "EngExamples": ["لَوْلَا here urges them to seek forgiveness."] } ] }, { "Type": "POS:EXL", "EnglishName": "Explanation Particle", "IndoName": "Partikel Tafṣīl", "Description": "Partikel tafṣīl membagi atau merinci beberapa kemungkinan atau kelompok dalam pembicaraan.", "DescriptionEn": "An explanation or detailing particle divides a statement into alternatives, cases, or groups.", "Penjelasan": [ { "IndoName": "Membagi beberapa kemungkinan", "EngName": "Introduces alternatives", "ArabicExamples": ["إِمَّا شَاكِرًا وَإِمَّا كَفُورًا"], "IndoExamples": ["إِمَّا membagi keadaan menjadi dua kemungkinan."], "EngExamples": ["إِمَّا divides the statement into alternative possibilities."] } ] }, { "Type": "POS:EXP", "EnglishName": "Exceptive Particle", "IndoName": "Partikel Pengecualian", "Description": "Partikel istitsnā’ mengecualikan suatu unsur dari cakupan pernyataan sebelumnya.", "DescriptionEn": "An exceptive particle excludes an element from the scope of a preceding statement.", "Penjelasan": [ { "IndoName": "Membentuk pengecualian", "EngName": "Introduces an exception", "ArabicExamples": ["جَاءَ الْقَوْمُ إِلَّا زَيْدًا"], "IndoExamples": ["إِلَّا mengecualikan زَيْدًا dari kelompok sebelumnya."], "EngExamples": ["إِلَّا excludes زَيْدًا from the preceding group."] } ] }, { "Type": "POS:AVR", "EnglishName": "Aversion Particle", "IndoName": "Partikel Penolakan", "Description": "Partikel rad‘ digunakan untuk menolak, membantah, atau mencegah pemahaman atau tindakan yang disebut sebelumnya.", "DescriptionEn": "An aversion particle rejects, rebukes, or strongly prevents a preceding notion or action.", "Penjelasan": [ { "IndoName": "Memberi penolakan tegas", "EngName": "Expresses strong rejection", "ArabicExamples": ["كَلَّا"], "IndoExamples": ["كَلَّا menyatakan penolakan atau teguran yang tegas."], "EngExamples": ["كَلَّا expresses strong rejection or rebuke."] } ] }, { "Type": "POS:SUR", "EnglishName": "Surprise Particle", "IndoName": "Partikel Kejutan", "Description": "Partikel fajā’ah menunjukkan munculnya suatu keadaan secara tiba-tiba atau tidak terduga.", "DescriptionEn": "A surprise particle indicates the sudden or unexpected occurrence of a situation.", "Penjelasan": [ { "IndoName": "Menunjukkan kejadian tiba-tiba", "EngName": "Marks a sudden occurrence", "ArabicExamples": ["فَإِذَا هِيَ حَيَّةٌ"], "IndoExamples": ["إِذَا menunjukkan keadaan yang tiba-tiba muncul."], "EngExamples": ["إِذَا marks a situation that appears suddenly."] } ] }, { "Type": "POS:RET", "EnglishName": "Retraction Particle", "IndoName": "Partikel Iḍrāb", "Description": "Partikel iḍrāb mengalihkan pembicaraan dari pernyataan sebelumnya menuju pernyataan berikutnya.", "DescriptionEn": "A retraction particle shifts discourse away from a preceding statement toward a following one.", "Penjelasan": [ { "IndoName": "Mengalihkan pernyataan", "EngName": "Shifts the statement", "ArabicExamples": ["بَلْ هُمْ فِي شَكٍّ"], "IndoExamples": ["بَلْ mengalihkan pembicaraan kepada pernyataan berikutnya."], "EngExamples": ["بَلْ redirects the discourse to the following statement."] } ] }, { "Type": "POS:V", "EnglishName": "Verb", "IndoName": "Fi‘il", "Description": "Fi‘il menunjukkan perbuatan atau keadaan yang terkait dengan aspek waktu atau bentuk verbal.", "DescriptionEn": "A verb expresses an action or state and carries verbal aspect or conjugational information.", "Penjelasan": [ { "IndoName": "Menunjukkan perbuatan atau keadaan", "EngName": "Expresses an action or state", "ArabicExamples": ["كَتَبَ"], "IndoExamples": ["كَتَبَ adalah fi‘il māḍī yang berarti 'telah menulis'."], "EngExamples": ["كَتَبَ is a perfect verb meaning 'he wrote'."] } ] }, { "Type": "POS:IMPN", "EnglishName": "Imperative Verbal Noun", "IndoName": "Isim Fi‘il Amr", "Description": "Isim fi‘il amr adalah bentuk nominal yang memiliki makna dan fungsi seperti fi‘il perintah.", "DescriptionEn": "An imperative verbal noun is a nominal form that carries the meaning and function of an imperative verb.", "Penjelasan": [ { "IndoName": "Bermakna seperti perintah", "EngName": "Functions like an imperative", "ArabicExamples": ["عَلَيْكُمْ أَنْفُسَكُمْ"], "IndoExamples": ["عَلَيْكُمْ pada penggunaan ini bermakna 'jagalah atau perhatikanlah'."], "EngExamples": ["عَلَيْكُمْ in this usage conveys an imperative sense such as 'take care of'."] } ] }, { "Type": "POS:FUT", "EnglishName": "Future Particle", "IndoName": "Partikel Masa Depan", "Description": "Partikel istiqbāl menandai bahwa perbuatan fi‘il muḍāri‘ terjadi pada masa mendatang.", "DescriptionEn": "A future particle marks an imperfect verb as referring to a future action.", "Penjelasan": [ { "IndoName": "Menandai masa mendatang", "EngName": "Marks future reference", "ArabicExamples": ["سَيَعْلَمُونَ"], "IndoExamples": ["سَـ memberi makna bahwa يَعْلَمُونَ akan terjadi kemudian."], "EngExamples": ["سَـ marks يَعْلَمُونَ as referring to the future."] } ] }, { "Type": "POS:CONJ", "EnglishName": "Coordinating Conjunction", "IndoName": "Huruf ‘Athaf", "Description": "Huruf ‘athaf menghubungkan dua unsur atau struktur yang memiliki hubungan koordinatif.", "DescriptionEn": "A coordinating conjunction links two elements or structures in a coordinate relationship.", "Penjelasan": [ { "IndoName": "Menghubungkan dua unsur", "EngName": "Coordinates two elements", "ArabicExamples": ["زَيْدٌ وَعَمْرٌو"], "IndoExamples": ["وَ menghubungkan زَيْدٌ dan عَمْرٌو."], "EngExamples": ["وَ coordinates زَيْدٌ and عَمْرٌو."] } ] }, { "Type": "POS:NEG", "EnglishName": "Negative Particle", "IndoName": "Partikel Negasi", "Description": "Partikel nafy meniadakan atau menyangkal perbuatan, keadaan, atau pernyataan.", "DescriptionEn": "A negative particle negates an action, state, or proposition.", "Penjelasan": [ { "IndoName": "Meniadakan pernyataan", "EngName": "Negates a statement", "ArabicExamples": ["لَا يَعْلَمُونَ"], "IndoExamples": ["لَا meniadakan perbuatan يَعْلَمُونَ tanpa bermakna larangan."], "EngExamples": ["لَا negates يَعْلَمُونَ without expressing prohibition."] } ] }, { "Type": "POS:ACC", "EnglishName": "Accusative Particle", "IndoName": "Huruf Naṣb", "Description": "Huruf naṣb pada kategori ini terutama mencakup إِنَّ dan saudara-saudaranya yang menashabkan isimnya dan merafa‘kan khabarnya.", "DescriptionEn": "An accusative particle in this category primarily includes inna and its sisters, which assign accusative case to their noun and nominative case to their predicate.", "Penjelasan": [ { "IndoName": "Menashabkan isimnya", "EngName": "Makes its noun accusative", "ArabicExamples": ["إِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ"], "IndoExamples": ["إِنَّ menyebabkan اللَّهَ berstatus manṣūb."], "EngExamples": ["إِنَّ causes اللَّهَ to be accusative."] } ] }, { "Type": "POS:T", "EnglishName": "Time Adverb", "IndoName": "Zharaf Waktu", "Description": "Zharaf waktu menunjukkan waktu terjadinya suatu perbuatan atau keadaan.", "DescriptionEn": "A time adverb indicates when an action or state occurs.", "Penjelasan": [ { "IndoName": "Menunjukkan waktu", "EngName": "Indicates time", "ArabicExamples": ["يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ"], "IndoExamples": ["يَوْمَ menunjukkan waktu terjadinya suatu peristiwa."], "EngExamples": ["يَوْمَ indicates the time at which an event occurs."] } ] }, { "Type": "POS:INC", "EnglishName": "Inceptive Particle", "IndoName": "Partikel Pembuka", "Description": "Partikel ibtidā’ membuka atau memulai suatu pernyataan baru dan tidak selalu memiliki hubungan sintaksis dengan unsur sebelumnya.", "DescriptionEn": "An inceptive particle introduces a new statement and need not be syntactically dependent on what precedes it.", "Penjelasan": [ { "IndoName": "Membuka pernyataan", "EngName": "Introduces a statement", "ArabicExamples": ["أَلَا إِنَّ أَوْلِيَاءَ اللَّهِ"], "IndoExamples": ["أَلَا membuka dan menarik perhatian kepada pernyataan berikutnya."], "EngExamples": ["أَلَا introduces and draws attention to the following statement."] } ] }, { "Type": "POS:PREV", "EnglishName": "Preventive Particle", "IndoName": "Partikel Kāffah", "Description": "Partikel kāffah mencegah partikel sebelumnya menjalankan fungsi gramatikal normalnya, seperti مَا pada إِنَّمَا.", "DescriptionEn": "A preventive particle prevents the preceding particle from exercising its normal grammatical governance, as with mā in innamā.", "Penjelasan": [ { "IndoName": "Mencegah ‘amal partikel sebelumnya", "EngName": "Prevents the preceding particle from governing", "ArabicExamples": ["إِنَّمَا نَحْنُ مُصْلِحُونَ"], "IndoExamples": ["مَا pada إِنَّمَا bersifat kāffah dan mencegah إِنَّ menjalankan ‘amal biasanya."], "EngExamples": ["مَا in إِنَّمَا is preventive and stops إِنَّ from exercising its normal governance."] } ] }, { "Type": "POS:PRO", "EnglishName": "Prohibition Particle", "IndoName": "Partikel Larangan", "Description": "Partikel nahy menyatakan larangan dan menyebabkan fi‘il muḍāri‘ sesudahnya menjadi majzūm.", "DescriptionEn": "A prohibition particle expresses a negative command and causes the following imperfect verb to be jussive.", "Penjelasan": [ { "IndoName": "Menyatakan larangan", "EngName": "Expresses prohibition", "ArabicExamples": ["لَا تُفْسِدُوا"], "IndoExamples": ["لَا adalah lā nahiyah dan تُفْسِدُوا menjadi majzūm."], "EngExamples": ["لَا is the prohibitive lā and تُفْسِدُوا becomes jussive."] } ] }, { "Type": "POS:RES", "EnglishName": "Restriction Particle", "IndoName": "Partikel Pembatasan", "Description": "Partikel ḥaṣr membatasi suatu sifat, perbuatan, atau hukum hanya pada unsur tertentu.", "DescriptionEn": "A restriction particle confines a quality, action, or judgment to a particular element.", "Penjelasan": [ { "IndoName": "Memberikan makna hanya", "EngName": "Expresses restriction", "ArabicExamples": ["مَا يَعْلَمُهُ إِلَّا اللَّهُ"], "IndoExamples": ["إِلَّا dalam konstruksi ini membatasi pengetahuan hanya kepada Allah."], "EngExamples": ["إِلَّا in this construction restricts the knowledge to Allah alone."] } ] }, { "Type": "POS:COND", "EnglishName": "Conditional Particle", "IndoName": "Partikel Syarat", "Description": "Partikel syarat menghubungkan terjadinya suatu hasil dengan terpenuhinya suatu kondisi.", "DescriptionEn": "A conditional particle makes the occurrence of a result dependent on the fulfillment of a condition.", "Penjelasan": [ { "IndoName": "Membentuk hubungan syarat", "EngName": "Introduces a condition", "ArabicExamples": ["إِنْ تَنْصُرُوا اللَّهَ يَنْصُرْكُمْ"], "IndoExamples": ["إِنْ memperkenalkan syarat yang diikuti jawab syarat."], "EngExamples": ["إِنْ introduces a condition followed by its conditional result."] } ] }, { "Type": "POS:INT", "EnglishName": "Particle of Interpretation", "IndoName": "Partikel Tafsir", "Description": "Partikel tafsir memperkenalkan penjelasan atau isi yang menerangkan pernyataan sebelumnya.", "DescriptionEn": "An interpretation particle introduces an explanatory statement that clarifies what precedes it.", "Penjelasan": [ { "IndoName": "Memperkenalkan penjelasan", "EngName": "Introduces an explanation", "ArabicExamples": ["أَنِ اضْرِبْ بِعَصَاكَ"], "IndoExamples": ["أَنْ pada penggunaan tafsir memperjelas isi perintah sebelumnya."], "EngExamples": ["أَنْ in its interpretive use introduces clarification of the preceding command."] } ] }, { "Type": "POS:INTG", "EnglishName": "Interrogative Particle", "IndoName": "Partikel Tanya", "Description": "Partikel istifhām digunakan untuk membentuk pertanyaan.", "DescriptionEn": "An interrogative particle is used to form a question.", "Penjelasan": [ { "IndoName": "Membentuk pertanyaan", "EngName": "Forms a question", "ArabicExamples": ["هَلْ أَتَاكَ حَدِيثُ مُوسَىٰ"], "IndoExamples": ["هَلْ membuka pertanyaan yang jawabannya pada dasarnya ya atau tidak."], "EngExamples": ["هَلْ introduces a question that basically expects a yes-or-no answer."] } ] }, { "Type": "POS:SUB", "EnglishName": "Subordinating Conjunction", "IndoName": "Huruf Maṣdarī", "Description": "Huruf maṣdarī menghubungkan klausa subordinat dan dapat menjadikan klausa sesudahnya bermakna seperti maṣdar.", "DescriptionEn": "A subordinating conjunction introduces a subordinate clause and may give the following clause a verbal-noun-like interpretation.", "Penjelasan": [ { "IndoName": "Membentuk klausa subordinat", "EngName": "Introduces a subordinate clause", "ArabicExamples": ["أَنْ تَصُومُوا خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ"], "IndoExamples": ["أَنْ menghubungkan fi‘il sesudahnya menjadi konstruksi yang dapat ditakwil sebagai maṣdar."], "EngExamples": ["أَنْ introduces a clause that can be interpreted as a verbal noun."] } ] }, { "Type": "POS:SUP", "EnglishName": "Supplemental Particle", "IndoName": "Partikel Tambahan", "Description": "Partikel zā’idah adalah unsur tambahan secara sintaksis yang memberi fungsi retoris atau struktural tanpa makna leksikal mandiri yang kuat.", "DescriptionEn": "A supplemental particle is syntactically additional and serves a rhetorical or structural function without a strong independent lexical meaning.", "Penjelasan": [ { "IndoName": "Berfungsi sebagai unsur tambahan", "EngName": "Functions as a supplemental element", "ArabicExamples": ["أَفَلَمْ يَسِيرُوا"], "IndoExamples": ["فَـ pada analisis ini merupakan unsur tambahan dalam konstruksi pertanyaan."], "EngExamples": ["فَـ in this analysis functions as a supplemental element in the interrogative construction."] } ] }, { "Type": "POS:INL", "EnglishName": "Quranic Initials", "IndoName": "Huruf Muqaṭṭa‘ah", "Description": "Huruf muqaṭṭa‘ah adalah huruf-huruf terpisah pada awal surah tertentu yang tidak digabungkan sebagai satu kata biasa.", "DescriptionEn": "Quranic initials are disconnected letters occurring at the beginning of certain surahs and are not analyzed as an ordinary combined word.", "Penjelasan": [ { "IndoName": "Huruf terpisah pembuka surah", "EngName": "Disconnected opening letters", "ArabicExamples": ["الم"], "IndoExamples": ["الم dibaca sebagai huruf-huruf terpisah: alif, lām, mīm."], "EngExamples": ["الم is recited as separate letters: alif, lām, mīm."] } ] } ]